Grasslands are dominated by grass and other herbaceous plants. Savannas are grasslands with scattered trees. Shrub-lands are dominated by woody or herbaceous shrubs.
Rainfall in tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands is between 500 and 1300 millimeters (20 to 50 inches) a year, and can be highly seasonal, with the entire year's rainfall sometimes occurring within a couple of weeks.
Occurrence
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands occur on all continents but Antarctica. They are widespread in Africa, and are also found all throughout South Asia, the northern parts of South America and Australia, and the southern United States.African Savannas occur between forest or woodland regions and grassland regions. The climate varies, with an average temperature of 27 °C with peaks of 30 °C in April and October, and between 300 and 1500 mm of rain per year. Flora includes:
- Acacia (Tree)
- Loses leaves in dry season to conserve moisture
- Leafy canopy in rainy season (flattened by winds)
- Baobab (Tree)
- Stores water in trunk
- Thick bark to protect it from fires in dry season
- Long tap roots to reach underground moisture
- Few leaves to reduce water loss through transpiration
- Grass
- Grow quickly to 3 or 4 meters in clumps
- Shoots die in dry season leaving only roots
- Low shrubs
- Drought resistant
- Small
- Thorns not leaves
- Afrotropic Tropical and subtropical grassland, savannas, and shrublands
Angolan Miombo woodlands Angola Angolan Mopane woodlands Angola, Namibia Ascension scrub and grasslands Ascension Island Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia East Sudanian savanna Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda Eastern Miombo woodlands Mozambique, Tanzania Guinean forest-savanna mosaic Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo Itigi-Sumbu thicket Tanzania, Zambia Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe Mandara Plateau mosaic Cameroon, Nigeria Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Uganda Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Uganda Sahelian Acacia savanna Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Sudan, Sudan Serengeti Kenya, Tanzania Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets Kenya, Tanzania Southern Africa bushveld Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo Southern Miombo woodlands Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe Saint Helena scrub and woodlands Saint Helena Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda West Sudanian savanna Benin, Burkina Faso, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo Western Zambezian grasslands Angola, Zambia Zambezian and Mopane woodlands Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe Arnhem Land tropical savanna Australia Brigalow tropical savanna Australia Cape York tropical savanna Australia Carpentaria tropical savanna Australia Einasleigh upland savanna Australia Kimberley tropical savanna Australia Mitchell grass downs Australia Trans Fly savanna and grasslands Indonesia, Papua New Guinea Victoria Plains tropical savanna Australia Indomalaya Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublandsTerai-Duar savanna and grasslands Bhutan, India, Nepal Nearctic Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublandsWestern Gulf coastal grasslands Mexico, United States Neotropic Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublandAripo Savannas Trinidad Beni savanna Bolivia Campos rupestres Brazil Cerrado Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands Clipperton Island is an overseas territory of France Córdoba montane savanna Argentina Guianan savanna Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela Gran Chaco Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay Los Llanos Venezuela, Colombia Uruguayan savanna Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay Oceania Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublandsHawaiian tropical high shrublands Hawaiʻi Hawaiian tropical low shrublands Hawaiʻi Northwestern Hawaii scrub Hawaiʻi
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